ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to investigate the water quality parameters of the Louhajang river in Tangail district, Bangladesh during March 2021 (pre-monsoon) and December 2021 (Post-monsoon). Water samples were collected from eight different locations, four of which were in urban areas (Lake Par, SP park, Beradoma, Kagmari bridge) and four were in rural areas (Beltoli, Aminbag, Vallukkandi, Aloua). The values of pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), acidity, total alkalinity, total hardness and carbon dioxide (CO2) were ranged from 7.51-7.95, 866.67-1433.33 µS/cm, 482.67- 810.33 mg/L, 100-503.33 mg/L, 1.97-6.87 mg/L, 1.27-3 mg/L, 35-63.33 mg/L, 400-696.67 mg/L, 230.67-386 mg/L and 25.06-70.6 mg/L, respectively in pre-monsoon season. The values of pH, EC, TDS, TSS, DO, BOD, acidity, alkalinity, hardness and, CO2 were ranged from 7.19 to 7.49, 496.67-1046.7 µS/cm, 243.33 to 522.67 mg/L, 10.67 to 51.33 mg/L, 5.03 to 8.53 mg/L, 4.03 to 7.77 mg/L, 25 to 61.67 mg/L, 150 to 936.6 mg/L, 185.33 to 306.67 mg/L and 52.65 to 164.27 mg/L, respectively in post- monsoon season. The highest EC, TDS, TSS, acidity, alkalinity, hardness, and CO2 were found in Beradoma in the pre- monsoon period. DO value was low at every station except the Beltoli area both in the pre and post-monsoon periods. Higher BOD was found in post-monsoon at every station than in pre- monsoon. Correlation is positively significant between TSS and alkalinity, pH, EC, TDS, hardness; pH and alkalinity, EC, TDS, hardness; EC and alkalinity; TDS and alkalinity, EC; Hardness and alkalinity, TDS; DO and CO2. Correlation is negatively significant between CO2 and pH; DO and alkalinity, TSS, pH, TDS, hardness; BOD and EC, TDS, hardness, DO. The water quality of urban areas was worse than that of rural in both pre and post-monsoon seasons, according to the study.
Key words: Water quality, river water, rural area, urban area
Introduction
The water quality of a river is made up of various interconnected compounds that are subject to local and temporal fluctuations, as well as the amount of water flowing through it (Mandal et al., 2010). As a result of wastewater discharges containing degradable organics, fertilizers, residential sewage, and agricultural waste, the river waters have been contaminated (Dimitrovska et al., 2012). Rapid industrialization and indiscriminate use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture are polluting the aquatic environment in a variety of ways, causing water quality to deteriorate and aquatic biota to dwindle. As a result, it is vital to monitor the water quality at regular intervals (Gorde and Jadhav, 2013). In urban areas, the careless disposal of industrial effluents and other wastes may contribute greatly to the poor quality of the water (Chindah et al., 2004; Emongor et al., 2005). Bangladesh’s Louhajang River, which runs through Tangail, a strongly industrialized and urbanized metropolis, provides water for a variety of uses. This is vital source for home use, agriculture, and development (Proshad et al., 2021). The degradation of the quality of this river’s water is due to waste from households, municipalities, and industries (Tonny et al., 2015). Due to the disposal of wastewater, effluent from factories, hospitals solid waste, etc. in the Louhajang River, the river water is being polluted (Mia et al., 2012). As the river is important for domestic and agricultural purposes, it is a crying need to monitor the water quality of the river. This study determines how much water quality has been already damaged and it also compares water pollution from rural and urban locations of the Louhajang river at Tangail district of Bangladesh.
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