The specific objectives of the study were to examine the seed supplies, costs and returns, marketing system, seasonal and cyclical price variation, and to estimate the spatial market integration of chilli. Twenty farmers and twenty five intermediaries were selected through convenience sampling procedure. The study was based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through face to face interview with the respondents from September to October 2010 and secondary data were collected from weekly price bulletin of Department of Agricultural Marketing (DAM), Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh, and Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics etc. About 90 percent farmers used home supplied seeds in the study area. The intermediaries involved in chilli marketing were: paikars- local and non local, aratdars, retailers. Paikars generally purchased chilli from the farmer and offer same to the aratdars and retailers. In the study area, about 40 percent farmer’s sells dry chilli and 60 percent farmers found who sells both green and dry chillies. In case of processing of chilli, farmers, and retailers cum millers were found as processor at local level. The net profit per kg for farmer and retailer cum millers were Tk. 40.95 and Tk. 52.58, respectively and the return over working capital were 63.93 and 39.06 percent respectively. Seasonal price variation of chilli was very high, range of seasonal price variation was 145.35; highest price index (196.88) was found in the month of October, and the lowest was in the month of March (51.53). The cyclical price variation shows 3 to 5 year cycle for the dry chilli. Analysis of market integration shows that the chilli markets in Bangladesh were well integrated that means changing of price information was quickly delivered to other markets in Bangladesh.
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The experiments were carried out at two locations of BJRI (Dhaka and Manikganj) during August, 2024 to January, 2025 to evaluate the yield and quality performances of some tossa jute varieties. BJRI Tossa pat 8, BJRI Tossa pat 9, O-9897, Robi-2, JRO-524 were used as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that Dhaka significantly out-performed Manikganj in seed yield per plant (3.08 g vs. 2.70 g), largely due to a higher number of branches per plant. Varietal analysis revealed significant differences across all measured parameters. BJRI Tossa pat 9 consistently emerged as the highest-yielding variety (3.51 g/plant), demonstrating superior branching and capsule formation. Although Robi-2 had the highest plant population and height, its seed yield was the lowest (2.11 g/plant). Significant locations x variety interactions were observed for most traits, highlighting the importance of genotype-by-environment considerations. BJRI Tossa pat 9, particularly when grown in Dhaka, showed exceptional seed yield (3.78 g/plant), suggesting its strong adaptability and potential for increased jute seed production in specific regions. These findings underscore the necessity of location-specific varietal selection for optimizing jute seed yield and quality.
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The specific objectives of the study were to examine the seed supplies, costs and returns, marketing system, seasonal and cyclical price variation, and to estimate the spatial market integration of chilli. Twenty farmers and twenty five intermediaries were selected through convenience sampling procedure. The study was based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data were collected through face to face interview with the respondents from September to October 2010 and secondary data were collected from weekly price bulletin of Department of Agricultural Marketing (DAM), Statistical Yearbook of Bangladesh, and Yearbook of Agricultural Statistics etc. About 90 percent farmers used home supplied seeds in the study area. The intermediaries involved in chilli marketing were: paikars- local and non local, aratdars, retailers. Paikars generally purchased chilli from the farmer and offer same to the aratdars and retailers. In the study area, about 40 percent farmer’s sells dry chilli and 60 percent farmers found who sells both green and dry chillies. In case of processing of chilli, farmers, and retailers cum millers were found as processor at local level. The net profit per kg for farmer and retailer cum millers were Tk. 40.95 and Tk. 52.58, respectively and the return over working capital were 63.93 and 39.06 percent respectively. Seasonal price variation of chilli was very high, range of seasonal price variation was 145.35; highest price index (196.88) was found in the month of October, and the lowest was in the month of March (51.53). The cyclical price variation shows 3 to 5 year cycle for the dry chilli. Analysis of market integration shows that the chilli markets in Bangladesh were well integrated that means changing of price information was quickly delivered to other markets in Bangladesh.
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This study investigated the ligno-cellulosic properties of jute fiber and jute stick, focusing on variations along different plant sections (bottom, middle, and top). Results for jute fiber indicated that cellulose content was highest at the top (64.57%) and lowest at the bottom (63.18%), while lignin showed the opposite trend, being highest at the bottom (16.07%) and lowest at the top (15.27%). Hemi-cellulose, ash, fat/oil, moisture, and other components in jute fiber did not exhibit significant variations across sections. Similarly, jute stick displayed higher cellulose at the top (47.87%) and lower cellulose at the bottom (46.98%), with lignin following the inverse pattern (25.27% at bottom, 23.91% at top). Hemi-cellulose, ash, fat/oil, moisture, and others in jute stick also showed no significant differences among sections. A comparative analysis revealed that jute fiber contained significantly higher cellulose (~63-64%) and lower lignin (~15-16%) than jute stick (~46-47% cellulose; ~24-25% lignin). Conversely, jute stick had a higher hemi-cellulose content (~25-26%) compared to jute fiber (~18%). These findings highlight distinct compositional profiles between jute fiber and jute stick, as well as gradients along the plant length, which are crucial for optimizing their utilization in various industrial applications, including textiles, paper, bio-energy, and composite materials. Key words: Jute, cellulose, lignin, plant position.
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A field experiment was carried out in Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9) soil at Soil Science Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during aman season of 2011 to evaluate the response of BINA dhan7 to different levels of potassium and sulphur. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. There were six treatments such as T1: Control, T2: NPZnK0S0, T3: Recommended Fertilizer Dose (RFD), T4: RFD-20% KS, T5: RFD-40% KS, T6: RFD + 20% KS and T7: RFD + 40% KS. Eighty kg N ha-1, 15 kg P ha-1, 50 kg K ha-1, 12 kg S ha-1 and 2 kg Zn ha-1 were applied as Recommended Fertilizer Dose (RFD). Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur and zinc were supplied from urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum and zinc oxide, respectively. The full dose of TSP, MoP, gypsum and zinc oxide were applied as basal dose during final land preparation while urea was applied in three equal splits. The application of K and S had a significant influence on plant height, effective tillers hill-1, panicle length and filled grains panicle-1. The grain and straw yields of BINA dhan7 were significantly affected due to different treatments. The highest grain yield of 5.23 t ha-1 and straw yield of 7.05 t ha-1 were observed with the treatment T7 (RFD + 40% KS) and statistically similar yields were recorded with the treatments T6 (RFD + 20% KS) and T3 (RFD). The grain yield was increased by 48.3 to 97.4% over control due to application of different levels of K and S fertilizers. Overall results indicate that there is no need to add more K and S beyond the recommended rate (50 kg K and 12 kg S ha-1) for achieving the satisfactory yield of BINA dhan7 in Old Brahmaputra Floodplain Soil of BINA dhan7 at BAU farm soil, Mymensingh.
Key words: Fertilizer, BINA dhan7, potassium, sulphur
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